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This tutorial shows how to create and run a .NET Core console application using Visual Studio for Mac.

Note

Your feedback is highly valued. There are two ways you can provide feedback to the development team on Visual Studio for Mac:

• In Visual Studio for Mac, select Help > Report a Problem from the menu or Report a Problem from the Welcome screen, which will open a window for filing a bug report. You can track your feedback in the Developer Community portal.
• To make a suggestion, select Help > Provide a Suggestion from the menu or Provide a Suggestion from the Welcome screen, which will take you to the Visual Studio for Mac Developer Community webpage.

Prerequisites

• Visual Studio for Mac version 8.6 or later. Select the option to install .NET Core. Installing Xamarin is optional for .NET Core development. For more information, see the following resources:

  • Tutorial: Install Visual Studio for Mac.
  • Supported macOS versions.
  • .NET Core versions supported by Visual Studio for Mac.

Create the app

Create a .NET Core console app project named 'HelloWorld'.

1. Start Visual Studio for Mac.

2. Select New in the start window.

3. In the New Project dialog, select App under the Web and Console node. Select the Console Application template, and select Next.

4. In the Target Framework drop-down of the Configure your new Console Application dialog, select .NET Core 3.1, and select Next.

5. Type 'HelloWorld' for the Project Name, and select Create.

The template creates a simple 'Hello World' application. It calls the Console.WriteLine(String) method to display 'Hello World!' in the terminal window.

The template code defines a class, Program, with a single method, Main, that takes a String array as an argument:

Main is the application entry point, the method that's called automatically by the runtime when it launches the application. Any command-line arguments supplied when the application is launched are available in the args array.

Run the app

1. Press ⌥⌘↵ (option+command+enter) to run the app without debugging.

2. Close the Terminal window.

Enhance the app

Enhance the application to prompt the user for their name and display it along with the date and time.

1. In Program.cs, replace the contents of the Main method, which is the line that calls Console.WriteLine, with the following code:

   This code displays a prompt in the console window and waits until the user enters a string followed by the enter key. It stores this string in a variable named name. It also retrieves the value of the DateTime.Now property, which contains the current local time, and assigns it to a variable named date. And it displays these values in the console window. Finally, it displays a prompt in the console window and calls the Console.ReadKey(Boolean) method to wait for user input.

   The n represents a newline character.

   The dollar sign ($) in front of a string lets you put expressions such as variable names in curly braces in the string. The expression value is inserted into the string in place of the expression. This syntax is referred to as interpolated strings.

2. Press ⌥⌘↵ (option+command+enter) to run the app.

3. Respond to the prompt by entering a name and pressing enter.

4. Close the terminal.

Next steps

In this tutorial, you created a .NET Core console application. In the next tutorial, you debug the app.

In this article, you'll learn how to install .NET Core on macOS. .NET Core is made up of the runtime and the SDK. The runtime is used to run a .NET Core app and may or may not be included with the app. The SDK is used to create .NET Core apps and libraries. The .NET Core runtime is always installed with the SDK.

The latest version of .NET Core is 3.1.

Supported releases

The following table is a list of currently supported .NET Core releases and the versions of macOS they're supported on. These versions remain supported either the version of .NET Core reaches end-of-support.

• A ✔️ indicates that the version of .NET Core is still supported.
• A ❌ indicates that the version of .NET Core isn't supported.

Unsupported releases

The following versions of .NET Core are ❌ no longer supported. The downloads for these still remain published:

• 3.0 (Release notes)
• 2.2 (Release notes)
• 2.0 (Release notes)

Runtime information

The runtime is used to run apps created with .NET Core. When an app author publishes an app, they can include the runtime with their app. If they don't include the runtime, it's up to the user to install the runtime.

There are three different runtimes you can install on macOS:

ASP.NET Core runtime
Runs ASP.NET Core apps. Includes the .NET Core runtime.

.NET Core runtime
This runtime is the simplest runtime and doesn't include any other runtime. It's highly recommended that you install ASP.NET Core runtime for the best compatibility with .NET Core apps.

SDK information

The SDK is used to build and publish .NET Core apps and libraries. Installing the SDK includes both runtimes: ASP.NET Core and .NET Core.

Dependencies

.NET Core is supported on the following macOS releases:

Beginning with macOS Catalina (version 10.15), all software built after June 1, 2019 that is distributed with Developer ID, must be notarized. This requirement applies to the .NET Core runtime, .NET Core SDK, and software created with .NET Core.

The installers for .NET Core (both runtime and SDK) versions 3.1, 3.0, and 2.1, have been notarized since February 18, 2020. Prior released versions aren't notarized. If you run a non-notarized app, you'll see an error similar to the following image:

For more information about how enforced-notarization affects .NET Core (and your .NET Core apps), see Working with macOS Catalina Notarization.

libgdiplus

.NET Core applications that use the System.Drawing.Common assembly require libgdiplus to be installed.

An easy way to obtain libgdiplus is by using the Homebrew ('brew') package manager for macOS. After installing brew, install libgdiplus by executing the following commands at a Terminal (command) prompt:

Install with an installer

macOS has standalone installers that can be used to install the .NET Core 3.1 SDK:

Download and manually install

As an alternative to the macOS installers for .NET Core, you can download and manually install the SDK and runtime. Manual install is usually performed as part of continuous integration testing. For a developer or user, it's generally better to use an installer.

If you install .NET Core SDK, you don't need to install the corresponding runtime. First, download a binary release for either the SDK or the runtime from one of the following sites:

• ✔️ .NET 5.0 preview downloads
• ✔️ .NET Core 3.1 downloads
• ✔️ .NET Core 2.1 downloads

Next, extract the downloaded file and use the export command to set variables used by .NET Core and then ensure .NET Core is in PATH.

To extract the runtime and make the .NET Core CLI commands available at the terminal, first download a .NET Core binary release. Then, open a terminal and run the following commands from the directory where the file was saved. The archive file name may be different depending on what you downloaded.

Use the following command to extract the runtime:

Use the following command to extract the SDK:

Tip

The preceding export commands only make the .NET Core CLI commands available for the terminal session in which it was run.

You can edit your shell profile to permanently add the commands. There are a number of different shells available for Linux and each has a different profile. For example:

• Bash Shell: ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bashrc
• Korn Shell: ~/.kshrc or .profile
• Z Shell: ~/.zshrc or .zprofile

Edit the appropriate source file for your shell and add :$HOME/dotnet to the end of the existing PATH statement. If no PATH statement is included, add a new line with export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet.

Also, add export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet to the end of the file.

This approach lets you install different versions into separate locations and choose explicitly which one to use by which application.

Install with Visual Studio for Mac

Visual Studio for Mac installs the .NET Core SDK when the .NET Core workload is selected. To get started with .NET Core development on macOS, see Install Visual Studio 2019 for Mac. For the latest release, .NET Core 3.1, you must use the Visual Studio for Mac 8.4.

Install alongside Visual Studio Code

Visual Studio Code is a powerful and lightweight source code editor that runs on your desktop. Visual Studio Code is available for Windows, macOS, and Linux.

While Visual Studio Code doesn't come with an automated .NET Core installer like Visual Studio does, adding .NET Core support is simple.

1. Download and install Visual Studio Code.
2. Download and install the .NET Core SDK.
3. Install the C# extension from the Visual Studio Code marketplace.

Install with bash automation

The dotnet-install scripts are used for automation and non-admin installs of the runtime. You can download the script from the dotnet-install script reference page.

The script defaults to installing the latest long term support (LTS) version, which is .NET Core 3.1. You can choose a specific release by specifying the current switch. Include the runtime switch to install a runtime. Otherwise, the script installs the SDK.

Microsoft .net Framework 4.6.2 For Mac

Note

The command above installs the ASP.NET Core runtime for maximum compatability. The ASP.NET Core runtime also includes the standard .NET Core runtime.

Docker

Containers provide a lightweight way to isolate your application from the rest of the host system. Containers on the same machine share just the kernel and use resources given to your application.

.NET Core can run in a Docker container. Official .NET Core Docker images are published to the Microsoft Container Registry (MCR) and are discoverable at the Microsoft .NET Core Docker Hub repository. Each repository contains images for different combinations of the .NET (SDK or Runtime) and OS that you can use.

Net Framework 2.0 For Windows 10

Microsoft provides images that are tailored for specific scenarios. For example, the ASP.NET Core repository provides images that are built for running ASP.NET Core apps in production.

For more information about using .NET Core in a Docker container, see Introduction to .NET and Docker and Samples.

Next steps

Microsoft Net Framework For Mac Operating System

• How to check if .NET Core is already installed.
• Working with macOS Catalina notarization.
• Tutorial: Get started on macOS.
• Tutorial: Create a new app with Visual Studio Code.
• Tutorial: Containerize a .NET Core app.